Dolphin does save layout on, program correct exit, but in reality you need it most on sudden crashes, or kills. For now it pickup save from previous successful shutdown. Which is can be not exactly what user want. Make more sense save layout exactly after it active, as many IDEs does for keep work save. Save on change no on exist.
Should be implemented in 24.05 *** This bug has been marked as a duplicate of bug 425627 ***