Nine out of ten times I use Dolphin (or any file browser) I work with recently used files, say a file I saved a minute ago or something I worked with before lunch, etc. Yet I have to wade through ALL my files and folders, from weeks and years ago that are of no interest to me in the moment. I know I can sort by modified/created, and I know there's a "recent files" section that may or may not (for some unknown reason or other) show the recent file I'm looking for. However, another way to quickly find the file I'm looking for would be to, at the click of a button or press of a shortcut, have Dolphin filter the view to only show files that were modified in the last hour or day (configurable). That way, you could still have alphabetical sorting and the amount of files shown would be much smaller, making it easier for your eyes to pick out the target.
Not exactly what your are asking for, but you can use the search feature for a similar result Press CTRL+F in Dolphin, the Search bar will appear and you can filter "Today" date or "Yesterday", "This week", ...