The crash test app inside drkonqi source dir is intended to test drkonqi functionality. On running this test app drkonqi tries to find the currently selected debugger for generating backtraces by calling QStandardPaths::locate(QStandardPaths::DataLocation) for this detection (see https://cgit.kde.org/drkonqi.git/tree/src/debugger.cpp#n131 Unfortunally it seems that QStandardPaths::DataLocation cannot be set to a custom dir by an environment variable (see https://code.qt.io/cgit/qt/qtbase.git/tree/src/corelib/io/qstandardpaths_unix.cpp#n320 and https://code.qt.io/cgit/qt/qtbase.git/tree/src/corelib/io/qstandardpaths_unix.cpp#n74), which is required to be able to run drkonqi from a recent build or a temporary install location.
The Qt documentation mentiones a specific test mode (see http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qstandardpaths.html#setTestModeEnabled), which is intended to be used by auto tests. Unfortunally this does not help for this case, where not the autotest need to be in test mode, but another executable, normally not running in test mode.
https://cgit.kde.org/drkonqi.git/commit/src/debugger.cpp?id=515425143cb393cf9fe7545695665f87c8032ce0